The first BFVs came off the production line in May 1980. Its M242 25mm Bushmaster chain gun fires armor piercing, high explosive munition at 200 rounds per minute and at distances up to 2,000 meters. The added political advantage was that the TOW missiles made it an easier sell to Congress, as it was a new capability not possessed by the M113. Polish navy divers take on the herculean task of defusing the largest unexploded WWII bomb ever found in the country. The Army would combine the roles of scout and IFV, as the previous Armored Reconnaissance Scout Vehicle had been canceled. 1/35 SCALE. BMP-1s and BMP-2s, for example, are lightly armored and have exterior fuel tanks on the rear doors from which troops exit and enter the vehicle, making them vulnerable to ambushes from the rear, he said. The M3 CFV was originally planned to be named after General Jacob L. Devers,[17] but it was decided the Bradley name would apply to both, since both vehicles are based on the same chassis. [citation needed] In December 1979, the XM2 and XM3 were type classified as the M2 and M3 respectively. (U.S. Transportation Command photo by Oz Suguitan), A Bradley Fighting Vehicle, among the first shipment of 109 promised to Ukraine, enters the gates of Transportation Core Dock in North Charleston, South Carolina. [67] To better accommodate modern electronics, the turretless Bradley has 78% more internal space than the M113, and two 400-amp generators. The Bradley is designed to transport infantry or scouts with armor protection, while providing covering fire to suppress enemy troops and armored vehicles. Russian sources did not report on any Russian ground attacks in Zaporizhia Oblast for the third consecutive day on Jan. 29. ", The Department of Defense, in a press release, wrote that the vehicles will offer Ukraine "a level of firepower and armor that will bring advantages on the battlefield as the Ukrainian military continues to defend their homeland.". [60][61], For the U.S. Army's Armored Multi-Purpose Vehicle (AMPV) program to replace the M113, BAE offered a variant of the Bradley. (U.S. Transportation Command photo by Oz Suguitan), Army Sgt. [24], As of May 2000, 6,724 Bradleys, 4,641 M2s and 2,083 M3s, had been produced for the U.S. Army. Instead of holding six infantrymen in the payload compartment, it is designed to seat two scouts and hold additional radios and ammunition. [66] BAE projected their AMPV submission to have similar operating costs to the M113 and lower costs than an M2 Bradley, as the platform's most expensive components are related to the omitted turret. The M2 Bradley possesses a unique combination of armored protection, mobility, and lethality. M1117 Armored Security Vehicle (ASV) Contact the author: howard@thewarzone.com. It wa. The first shipment of more than 60 of 109 Bradley Fighting Vehicles promised to Ukraine has left a port in South Carolina. Newer versions retain the two ramp-mounted firing ports, though plated over. [19] The Army accepted delivery of the first production vehicles in May 1981. The M3 mainly conducts scout missions and carries two scout troopers in addition to the regular crew of three, with space for additional BGM-71 TOW missiles. 1,600 to 2,000 older Bradleys remain in Army depots as of 2017. Speed: 41 mph. by Mark Hertling. [12][13], In 1963, the U.S. and West German governments began work on the MBT-70 main battle tank design and an IFV companion project called MICV-65, Mechanized Infantry Combat Vehicle. The M919 was used in combat during the 2003 invasion phase of Operation Iraqi Freedom. The Bradley will provide the kind of overwatch for the dismounted infantry and the dismounted infantry will provide the near-in protection for the Bradleys in urban areas. Above, an image of Ukrainian soldiers seen in Kramatorsk, eastern Ukraine, on April 30, 2022, along with an inset of a Bradley Fighting Vehicle. Firing ports for the passengers were added and a M139 20mm cannon was added to the commander's cupola. To work in such an environment, an IFV would have to have a life support system that protected from outside contaminants, while allowing the soldiers to fight from inside the vehicle. Ukrainian officials reported that Ukrainian forces repelled assaults near Pobieda (about 2.5 miles southeast of Donetsk City) and Vuhledar. The Bradley is a tracked, medium-armored vehicle armed with a 25-mm gun. It took place in Isfahan, "a major center of missile production, research and development for Iran, including the assembly of many of its Shahab medium-range missiles, which can reach Israel and beyond," according to the newspaper. Contact the author here. From this, there are few limitations that used armored vehicles face when it comes to their purposes and uses. [15], Congress was questioning the development of the XM2 due to the high losses incurred by Soviet built BMP-1s in the 1973 Yom Kippur War. "We see that they are preparing for more war, that they are mobilizing more soldiers, more than 200,000, and potentially even more than that," he said of the Russians. Ukraine should receive 109. It was suggested that surplus Bradleys could be retrofitted into this version. 2d 17h $110.00 Buy It Now +$14.50 shipping Sponsored TAMIYA. The Army studied creating several vehicle variants under a common heavy chassis to replace main battle tanks and Bradleys. They'll train for weeks not only on just how to operate the vehicles, but also on how to properly set conditions for maneuver, and then maneuver, and then, you know, how to exploit opportunities, how to breach obstacles.. [52], In October 2017, BAE displayed an updated version of the Bradley Linebacker called the M-SHORAD (Mobile Short-Range Air Defense) equipped with a pMHR (portable multi-mission hemispheric radar) search radar mounted around the turret, a fire-control radar, and a jammer on top of the turret to non-kinetically defeat unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). U.S. Army Pvt. [7], The Bradley is highly capable in cross-country open terrain, in accordance with one of the main design objectives of keeping pace with the M1 Abrams main battle tank. [9] In 1968, an Army task force headed by Major General George Casey recommended that the service once again pursue the development of an MICV. Manufactured by BAE Systems, this lightly armored, fully tracked transport vehicle is known for its firepower, mobility, and survivability. Additional improvements to vehicle survivability were added to production vehicles by 1988. The situation in Ukraine really brought to the forefront the importance of logistics and the complexity of power projection and sustainment, said Air Force Gen. Jacqueline Van Ovost, USTRANSCOM commander, during aninterview with Joint Force Quarterly. Armament: 25 mm M242 chain gun; TOW anti-tank missile; 7.62 mm M240C machine gun. It is used in mechanized infantry and armored cavalry combat. The Bradley was initially designed to float by deploying a flotation curtain around the vehicle, allowing it to "swim" at a speed of 4.5mph (7.2km/h). There was more talk Monday about F-16s going to Ukraine. Its wide stance and 600 horsepower turbocharged Cummins diesel engine give the M2 Bradley the speed and mobility to navigate both urban and open terrain. I would say that's at the end of the day, a decision for you to make, he said. It had poor mobility relative to upcoming designs such as the MBT-70, and it could not be carried aboard a C-141 Starlifter. [30] They claimed such limited, and according to Col. Burton, completely unrealistic, testing would improve the databases used to model vehicle survivability, as opposed to full tests with random shots that would provide a far more accurate picture of its performance under real battlefield conditions, but produce less useful statistical data. Here's another view of what a purported DM-22 strike looks like. A Bradley Fighting Vehicle, among the first shipment of 109 promised to Ukraine, enters the gates of Transportation Core Dock in North Charleston, South Carolina. [citation needed], In 1967, the public display of the BMP-1 caused additional interest in the MICV program, which concluded its studies in 1968. The AMPV submission is a turretless Bradley chassis, providing greater cargo space, increased armor, and upgraded engine and electrical systems. In July, it signed its biggest arms export deal ever, agreeing to sell Poland 180 K2 tanks, 48 FA-50 light fighter jets, and about 670 K9 self-propelled artillery pieces. One such upgrade was the XM734 which added firing ports. Bradley Fighting Vehicles proved their worth in urban environments during the Iraq War. The Bradley Fighting Vehicle (BFV) is a tracked armoured fighting vehicle platform of the United States developed by FMC Corporation and manufactured by BAE Systems Land & Armaments, formerly United Defense. The M2 carries a crew of three and a six-man infantry squad. The Ambassador of Ukraine was summoned to the Iranian Foreign Ministry in connection with the statements of the adviser to the head of Zelensky's office, Mikhail Podolyak, about the drone attack. This effort was canceled in 1992 due to the collapse of the Soviet Union.[40]. For example, many of them will feature bulletproof armor, bulletproof glass, and run-flat tires. ", U.S. Army fact file on M2/M3 Bradley Fighting Vehicle, Bradley Fighting Vehicle Systems Upgrade to A3, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bradley_Fighting_Vehicle&oldid=1142778807, 3 + variable number of passengers depending on variant, 19.7 horsepower per short ton (16.2kW/t), 14.530mm all-around AP protection (depending on variant), This page was last edited on 4 March 2023, at 09:32. Ukrainian officials reported that Ukrainian forces continued to repel limited Russian counterattacks west and south of Kreminna. And this just highlights how we are interconnected. Overview. It provides infantry protection against artillery and small-arms fire as well as armored cavalry reconnaissance capabilities. The ARC Integrity is a roll-on roll-off cargo vessel owned by ARC Shipping and contracted by TRANSCOM. This helps make you, your passengers, and your cargo safer from a variety of threats, including common thieves and more experienced criminals. Here is an overview of how Bradley Fighting Vehicles stack up against Russian combat tanks. The M3 carries the crew of three and a two-man scout team and additional radios, the BGM-71 TOW and M47 Dragon or FGM-148 Javelin missiles. Neither one of those does very well without the other in urban areas or anyplace else. 276K views 3 years ago The Bradley is designed to transport infantry or scouts with armor protection, while providing covering fire to suppress enemy troops and armored vehicles. The M2 Bradley entered service in the 1980s as the first American infantry fighting vehicle (IFV), a new concept pioneered by the Soviet Union. An optional Applique configuration provides situational awareness via the Force XXI Battle Command Brigade and Below (FBCB2) Applique computer system. Known for being relatively fast and . Veteran Owned Business, Passenger protection (for family, VIPs, & more), Transporting valuable cargo (bullion, documents, & more). (U.S. Transportation Command photo by Oz Suguitan), Defense Visual Information Distribution Service, as part of a $2.85 billion Presidential Drawndown Authorization, the Pentagon announced that 59 additional M2A2-ODS, already undergoing maneuver warfare training, Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin told reporters, Institute for the Study of War assessment, provided 155mm howitzer shells to the U.S. Russian sources claimed that Ukrainian forces continued counteroffensives in the vicinity of Kuzemivka (about 10 miles northwest of Svatove). Maintenance in UAF [the Armed Forces of Ukraine] is another side of hell, said Parfonov, adding they have a zoo of various kinds of vehicles, making it difficult to find spare parts, Parfonov said. [69] Fielding is planned for 2023. Spaced laminate belts and high-hardness steel skirts have been added to improve the side protection of later versions, while overall weight was increased to 33 tons. Video emerged on social media of Russian troops being attacked with what looks like a "death ray" but is likely something akin to the German D-22 tank-killing mine. The proper use of M231 FPWs was rare in practice. This system was supposed to enter service in 2012, but the Bradley became too heavy and the kit did not make it survivable enough. [51][unreliable source?] [39][unreliable source? It is armed with a TOW missile[a] launcher capable of carrying two loaded missiles. Dismounted infantrymen race out of the back of a Bradley Fighting Vehicle Feb. 21, 2021, as they participate with Lithuanian 21st Dragoon Battalion in a combined training exercise. [31], Burton was ordered to transfer from his post at OSD, prompting yet more Congressional scrutiny. Charles Porter/U.S. They provide tremendous overwatch to infantry, Chiarelli said. However, our stock is also constantly being updated, so if you do not see something you like today, be sure to check back in with our used vehicle selection in the future or take advantage of our new stock of armored vehicles. The U.S. government is expected to announce on Friday that it is providing Ukraine with Bradley Fighting Vehicles, which would offer Ukrainian troops greater protection and mobility than their Russian and Soviet-era vehicles, experts told Task & Purpose. The U.S. Army rejected it due to it not being amphibious, too large and heavy for air transport, and too expensive. Because of this, a major upgrade was planned. [12] The project was canceled,[12] and new specifications were written in 1965. Click here. M9 Armored Combat Earthmover. The Bradley ESV enables engineer assets to maintain momentum with the main force while conducting engineer and sapper operations. #3632. [citation needed], All versions are equipped with two four-barreled smoke grenade launchers on the front of the turret for creating defensive smoke screens, which can also be loaded with chaff and flares. This family of 18-ton lightweight tracked vehicles centered around a common chassis. [42][43] In June 2018, the Army established the Next Generation Combat Vehicle (NGCV) program to replace the M2 Bradley. By Colin Clark on July 23, 2021 at 5:41 PM. Rep of CongoCentral African RepublicMozambiqueNigeriaTanzaniaSouth AfricaSouth Sudan, IndiaThailandMalaysiaTaiwanIndonesiaPhilippinesVietnamBangladeshCambodiaIndiaNepalNew ZealandSouth Korea, The Armored Group, LLC - 855-TAG-SAFE (855-824-7233) | Copyright 2023 ArmoredCars.com. The Bradley carries a coaxial 7.62mm medium machine gun to the right of the 25mm chain gun. One of the things that I would like to see us, the United States and others do, is help establish maintenance capability inside Ukraine for them to work on all these different vehicles vs. having to bring them back to Poland, or Germany, or Slovakia, or wherever, Hodges told Task & Purpose. The Bradley Fighting Vehicle ( BFV) is a tracked armoured fighting vehicle platform of the United States developed by FMC Corporation and manufactured by BAE Systems Land & Armaments, formerly United Defense. (DoD) WASHINGTON: The Army, hopeful it has put aside two . Aside from carrying mechanized infantry into close contact with the enemy, the M2 can provide overwatching fire to dismounting infantrymen. The M2 Bradley unit cost is $1.11 million (FY 1993 constant dollars)[47] US$1.84M in 2016 (inflation adjusted). The GT's body was a two-seat coupe with low curved sides and no doors. [9][12] The XM701 shared components with the M107 and M110 self-propelled howitzers. ROK has a large defense industrial base and is becoming a major arms exporter to Europe. Army). The Army's Bradley replacement effort was restarted under the Future Fighting Vehicle (FFV) program. [46], The C2V is based on the M993 M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) carrier chassis and is designed to provide an automated tactical command post and operations centers. The $2.8 billion package, the latest U.S. effort to bolster Ukraine's defense efforts amid the Russian invasion that began in February 2022, will include 50 of the Bradley Fighting Vehicles . Plaintiffs claim the earplugs were defective, causing them hearing loss and tinnitus. Copyright 2023 Military Machine. A total of 6,785 M2/M3 Bradleys were produced, including 400 for Saudi Arabia. [contact-form-7 id="500" title="Single Car Form"] Sort by: Date: newest first SOLD M113A2 APC Distance Elk Run Heights, IA stock# UMV-196 Price $69 000 SOLD $ 2001 Steyr Pinzgauer 718M Distance Cincinnati, OH stock# UMV-193 Share this [15], The XM2/3 passed the Army Systems Acquisition Review Council Milestone II review in 1979. "Lethal beyond all expectations: The Bradley Fighting Vehicle"in chapter 12 of George F. Hofmann and, Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot, nuclear, biological or chemical (NBC) type weapons, Continued disagreements on specifications, List of modern armoured fighting vehicles, "Army Awards AMPV to BAE Systems, Future Fights Loom". [53][54][55], The US Army chose to create an M-SHORAD vehicle out of the Stryker instead of the Bradley. A load of more than 60 Bradley fighting vehicles departed South Carolina for Ukraine last week as part of the latest $2.5 billion package in military aid that the Biden administration announced earlier this month.. [44], In October 2018, the program was re-designated as the Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV). The $2.8 billion package, the latest U.S. effort to bolster Ukraine's defense efforts amid the Russian invasion that began in February 2022, will include 50 of the Bradley Fighting Vehicles, Reuters reported last week. Ukrainian officials have long worried about on-again, off-again plans by Iran to send Russia short-range ballistic missiles. During the Gulf War, M2 Bradleys destroyed more Iraqi armored vehicles than the M1 Abrams. Congress suggested the development of a more heavily armored vehicle. Source: Voice of America, citing a high-ranking Pentagon official, as reported by. The M242 is a single-barrel chain gun with an integrated dual-feed mechanism and remote feed selection. This was despite an unmet requirement by the U.S. Army for 8,709 Bradleys as of 1992. Ultimately, it may be easier to help the Ukrainians repair Bradleys than finding spare parts for their older Soviet and Russian vehicles, Chiarelli said. "Army drops contracts for armored vehicles", "BAE, GD: We Can Cut Weight From Army's GCV", "BAE Systems, GDLS to Develop Design Concepts for the U.S. Future Fighting Vehicle", "MPF, AMPV now part of NGCV family of vehicles", "Army reopens competition for Bradley replacement", "Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's | IHS", Laser In Front, Grunts In Back: Boeing Offers Anti-Aircraft Vehicles, BAE Systems presents Bradley M-SHORAD air defense AUSA 2017, Army Accelerates Air & Missile Defense Five Years: MSHORAD, MML, Lasers, BAE Systems - Bradley Combat Systems Electronic Press Kit, "M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System - MLRS", "Vendors Pour Funding Into Armored Vehicle Development", Army envisions AMPV production spike for emergency contingencies, Industry to Army: The Vehicles You Own Can Perform Future Missions, Uparmored Bradley Could Be Tough Enough For AMPV: Testers, BAE Submits Bradley-based Armored Multi-Purpose Vehicle (AMPV) Proposal, US Army Leaders Make Case for AMPV Decision, "BAE Systems Presents First AMPV Prototype to US Army", US Army's newest tracked vehicle will undergo initial operational test in early 2022, "US Delivers Bradley Fighting Vehicles to the Lebanese Army", "Factbox: Ukraine's military supplies: What ground vehicles are Kyiv's allies sending? It is adequately armored to provide protection against small arms fire and artillery, and able to combat any vehicle on the battlefield using its TOW missiles.[46]. If the Ukrainian military launches an offensive against Russian forces, the Bradley Fighting Vehicles would be more useful than Ukraines current fleet of BMPs, in part because Bradleys have a better fire control system than their Soviet and Russian counterparts, said Hlib Parfonov, a defense analyst who works with the Jamestown Foundation think tank in Washington, D.C. Ukraine is set to receive the vehicles, which offer more modern technologies than many of Russia's older tanks, from the United States as part of a new aid package. While it is unknown at the moment how the Bradleys heading to Ukraine will be outfitted, the M2A3 Bradley Fighting Vehicle, the second-newest variant of the more than 6,000 Bradleys fielded. With promises of arms pouring into Ukraine, Russia laid out what it would constitute a red line for their use. Ukrainian forces conducted a HIMARS strike against a bridge in Svitlodolynske (about 12.4 miles northeast of Melitopol). [48] Mass production was cancelled in late 1999. Wagner Group financier Yevgeny Prigozhin announced that Wagner forces seized Blahodatne (about 7.5 miles northeast of Bakhmut) on Jan. 29. It is manufactured by BAE Systems Land & Armaments, which was formerly United Defense.. [9], We in TRADOC decided to put the TOW on the MICV because we realized that if we did not put the TOW on the MICV, we would probably never have a MICV. Ukraine has received substantial aid from its Western allies, including the United States, helping the country to reclaim thousands of miles of formerly occupied territory. [17], Burton insisted on a series of "overmatch" tests in which weapons would be fired at the Bradley that were known to be able to easily penetrate its armor, including Russian ordnance. [citation needed], Initial variants had six ports, but the side ports were plated over with the armor configuration on the A2 and A3 variants, leaving only the two rear-facing mounts in the loading ramp. [50], An air defense variant, these vehicles are modified M2A2 ODSs with the TOW missile system replaced with a four-tube Stinger missile system. Bradley Infantry Fighting Vehicle Sticker By T-Hand141Hmstd From $1.46 M3 Bradley Fighting Vehicle Sticker By StrongVlad From $1.35 American Bradley Fighting Vehicle - Armed Military Tank Sticker By Matt Ballinger From $2.15 American Bradley Fighting Vehicle - Armed Military Tank Glossy Sticker By Matt Ballinger From $2.12 (Staff Sgt. When asked how and when this full-on war would end, Stoltenberg said the answer is unknown, but Russia is gearing up for a long fight. There is a certain gray zone here, which creates a factor of uncertainty," he said. As we speak, troops are being linked up with Bradley infantry fighting vehicles," Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin told reporters on Jan. 20 after the wrap-up of the eighth Ukraine Defense Contact Group meeting of some 50 nations working to arm Ukraine in its fight against Russia. Air Force Brig. Valued at $49.7 million, the contract is projected to be completed by Aug 23, 2023. [9][12] In 1964, the Army solicited bids for the MICV-65, awarding the contract for the Pacific Car and Foundry Company. [6] A newer BUSK III kit is now available for Bradleys incorporating a blastproof fuel cell, a blast-resistant driver seat, a turret survivability system, and an emergency ramp release. The ESV is equipped with standard combat engineering equipment and can employ unique mission equipment packages for obstacle neutralization. [34] A few kills against Iraqi T-72 tanks at close range are reported. Mounted next to the Bushmaster is a M240C machine gun, firing 7.62mm rounds. But they apparently won't be coming from the U.S., at least according to Biden. "Weeks ago, American officials publicly identified Iran as the primary supplier of drones to Russia for use in the war in Ukraine, and they said they believed Russia was also trying to obtain Iranian missiles to use in the conflict. What is a Bradley Fighting Vehicle? A modified M2 Bradley Infantry Fighting Vehicle, a heavily armed and armored troop carrier. Manufacturer BAE Systems touts the infantry vehicle's "outstanding survivability, mobility and lethality. During World War. Kyiv has long beencampaigning to get western fighters. The missiles, capable of destroying most tanks to a maximum range of 4,000 metres (13,000ft), can only be fired while the vehicle is stationary. [19] Final approval for production came from the Secretary of Defense in February 1980. Used armored vehicles from The Armored Group are optimal for numerous purposes around the world. But retired Army Lt. Gen. Ben Hodges, former commander of U.S. Army Europe, noted that the United States has thousands of Bradley Fighting Vehicles, so finding spare parts for the Ukrainians should not be a major challenge. VIPs, law enforcement agencies, governments, and companies around the globe have placed their trust in us at The Armored Group. Chiarelli also said he expects it would take weeks rather than months to train Ukrainian troops how to operate Bradleys because they have proven to be very adept at learning how to use new technology quickly, such as High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems, or HIMARS. The U.S. Army rejected it due to limited mobility, which would have prevented it from keeping pace with the proposed MBT-70. [8], One of the early issues that drove the development of the infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) was the need to have a vehicle that could serve in a high-intensity conflict in Europe, which was feared might include the use of nuclear, biological or chemical (NBC) type weapons. North Korea is providing military support to the Russian war efforts with rockets and missiles, he said. The upper sides of the vehicle were sloped and spaced steel armor plates were added to improve protection. Im sure the Ukrainians will be able to get more [troops] in them because they dont have quite as much kit as we do possibly as many as 10 folks in the back of that thing.. The House Armed Services Committee found that Burton's claims of malfeasance were rather due to "a long-standing fundamental disagreement over testing methodology and, more importantly, the inability of OSD and the Army to reach an agreement on how the test is conducted. While more than half the Bradleys promised to Ukraine have been shipped out, it will still be a while before they get into the fight. After that they could not repressurize without fear of contamination, but they could plug their suits into the vehicle's filtration system. The two ready-boxes allow a selectable mix of rounds, such as the M791 APDS-T (Armor-Piercing Discarding Sabot (with) Tracer) and M792 HEI-T (High Explosive Incendiary (with) Tracer) rounds. The main gun was replaced with an XM914 30mm autocannon with airburst rounds, and a missile launcher that could accommodate various missiles including the Stinger, AIM-9X Sidewinder, or others. U.S. M2 BRADLEY INFANTRY FIGHTING VEHICLE. Although its beginning to show its vulnerabilities and the Army is looking to replace it with the next generation of combat vehicles the Bradley is battle-proven and as reliable as they come. The NGCV program was expanded as a portfolio of next-generation vehicles including tanks and the Bradley-based Armored Multi-Purpose Vehicle, a successor to the M113 family. [21] The first combat unit to be equipped with Bradleys (four M2s and six M3s), in March 1983, was the 1st Battalion, 41st (Mechanized) Infantry, 2nd Armored Division. Entries from BAE Systems and General Dynamics were selected for evaluation. Burton saw attempts to avoid such tests as dishonest, while the BRL saw them as wasteful, as they already knew the vehicle would fail. Our support to Ukraine would not be possible without the strong relationships we have with our allies and partners that provided the access, basing, and overflight to facilitate the delivery of aid, she added. These ports allow passengers to engage the enemy from within the protection of the Bradley vehicle.